Study guides · Stuff Every Animation Scout Should Know

Stuff Every Animation Scout Should Know: the Study Guide

Practice facts for the Animation merit badge. Not an official Scouting America credential. Grab a snack: this guide is the friendly version, with the answers explained and a groan-worthy joke waiting at the end of most cards.

Knowing Animation Scout saves you money, time and the occasional embarrassment.

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Chapter 1: Computer Architecture

What is animation in simple terms?

Short answer: Playing pictures in sequence to create moving images

Animation creates the illusion of movement by showing pictures in order.

Groan of the day: That animation really moves me!

Sources: Animation

What is a flip book?

Short answer: Pages of slightly changing pictures flipped to show motion

Flipping pages fast makes gradually changing pictures appear to move.

Groan of the day: That flip book has page-turning action!

Sources: Animation

What is a zoetrope?

Short answer: A device showing sequential pictures spinning to create motion

A zoetrope spins sequential pictures so viewers see apparent movement.

Groan of the day: Spin class for cartoons!

Sources: Animation

What is claymation?

Short answer: Animation using clay figures

Claymation uses clay or similar moldable figures for stop motion.

Groan of the day: Claymation is a mold-breaking art!

Sources: Animation

What is rotoscoping?

Short answer: Tracing live action movement frame by frame

Rotoscoping traces real filmed movement to make animated drawings.

Groan of the day: Rotoscoping really traces its roots!

Sources: Animation

What is a storyboard used for?

Short answer: Planning scenes before animating

Storyboards plan each scene visually before animation begins.

Groan of the day: Storyboards tell the whole picture!

Sources: Animation

What is a model sheet?

Short answer: A sheet showing how a character looks from many angles

Model sheets guide animators to keep characters consistent.

Groan of the day: Model sheets keep characters on model!

Sources: Animation

What does a 3D polygon mesh do?

Short answer: Gives form to a 3D object or environment

A mesh of vertices, edges, and faces creates a 3D shape.

Groan of the day: That mesh has great form!

Sources: Animation

What is rigging in 3D animation?

Short answer: Adding a digital skeleton to control a mesh

Rigging adds a digital skeleton so animators can pose a mesh.

Groan of the day: That rig is well put together!

Sources: Animation

What does motion capture do?

Short answer: Copies live actors' movements into computer characters

Actors wear suits so computers can copy their movement onto characters.

Groan of the day: Capturing motion, not commotion!

Sources: Animation

What is cel shading used for?

Short answer: Mimicking traditional animation look with software

Cel shading makes computer animation look like hand-drawn art.

Groan of the day: Cel shading has a classic look!

Sources: Animation

What is machinima?

Short answer: Films made by capturing video game footage

Machinima uses screen captures from games and virtual worlds as film.

Groan of the day: Machinima is game for a laugh!

Sources: Animation

What is pixilation in animation?

Short answer: Using live humans as stop-motion characters

Pixilation photographs real people like stop-motion figures.

Groan of the day: Pixilation puts people in the picture!

Sources: Animation

What is cutout animation?

Short answer: Moving flat pieces of paper or cloth

Cutout animation moves flat materials like paper to create motion.

Groan of the day: Cutout animation is a cut above!

Sources: Animation

What is silhouette animation?

Short answer: Backlit cutouts seen only as shadows

Silhouette animation backlights characters so they appear as shadows.

Groan of the day: Silhouette animation casts a spell!

Sources: Animation

What is sand animation?

Short answer: Moving sand on lit glass for each frame

Sand is moved on lit glass to create each animated frame.

Groan of the day: Sand animation is grain-y fun!

Sources: Animation

What is paint-on-glass animation?

Short answer: Manipulating slow-drying oil paints on glass

Artists move oil paint on glass and photograph each change.

Groan of the day: Paint-on-glass is a smooth move!

Sources: Animation

What is drawn-on-film animation?

Short answer: Creating images directly on film stock

Some animators draw or scratch images straight onto film.

Groan of the day: Drawn-on-film writes its own story!

Sources: Animation

What is pinscreen animation?

Short answer: Movable pins casting shadows to make images

Pins pushed in and out of a screen cast shadows that form images.

Groan of the day: Pinscreen is right on point!

Sources: Animation

What is an animatronic?

Short answer: A machine that seems animate rather than robotic

Animatronics use mechatronics to make lifelike moving machines.

Groan of the day: That animatronic is a real character!

Sources: Animation

What is an Audio-Animatronic?

Short answer: A robot using prerecorded movements and sounds

Audio-Animatronics use recorded motion and sound, not live responses.

Groan of the day: Audio-Animatronics speak for themselves!

Sources: Animation

What is a magic lantern?

Short answer: A device projecting moving images with mechanical slides

Magic lanterns used mechanical slides to project moving images.

Groan of the day: That lantern really lights up the show!

Sources: Animation

What is a phenakistiscope?

Short answer: A spinning disc showing sequential pictures

This spinning disc device showed sequential pictures to create motion.

Groan of the day: That disc is spinning a good story!

Sources: Animation

What is limited animation?

Short answer: Using fewer drawings for a choppier, cheaper look

Limited animation uses fewer drawings per second to save money.

Groan of the day: Limited animation is still unlimited fun!

Sources: Animation

What is full animation known for?

Short answer: Detailed drawings and smooth movement

Full animation uses detailed drawings and smooth, believable motion.

Groan of the day: Full animation goes all in!

Sources: Animation

What is go motion?

Short answer: Stop motion with added motion blur between frames

Go motion adds motion blur to stop motion for smoother movement.

Groan of the day: Go motion gets a move on!

Sources: Animation

What is object animation?

Short answer: Animating regular inanimate objects

Object animation uses everyday objects in stop motion.

Groan of the day: Object animation makes things happen!

Sources: Animation

What is strata-cut animation?

Short answer: Slicing a clay loaf to reveal internal images

A clay loaf is sliced thin, each cut photographed to show inner images.

Groan of the day: That technique takes the cake!

Sources: Animation

What is paper craft animation?

Short answer: Stop motion using cut, folded, and glued paper

Paper craft animation assembles paper pieces for stop motion.

Groan of the day: Paper craft is a cut above!

Sources: Animation

What is model animation?

Short answer: Stop motion interacting with a live-action world

Model animation blends stop-motion figures with live-action settings.

Groan of the day: Model animation is a big deal!

Sources: Animation

What is a cinemagraph?

Short answer: A still photo where part is animated

Cinemagraphs are still images with one moving part, often GIFs.

Groan of the day: Cinemagraphs are partly moving!

Sources: Animation

What is 2.5D animation?

Short answer: A mix of 2D and 3D elements for depth

2.5D combines 2D and 3D to create an illusion of depth.

Groan of the day: 2.5D is more than meets the eye!

Sources: Animation

What is a visual development artist's job?

Short answer: Developing the overall look and palette before animation

Visual development artists set a film's look before animators begin.

Groan of the day: Visual development sees the big picture!

Sources: Animation

The cheat sheet

The whole guide on one screen. Screenshot it, print it, stick it on the fridge.

  • Animation creates the illusion of movement by showing pictures in order.
  • Flipping pages fast makes gradually changing pictures appear to move.
  • A zoetrope spins sequential pictures so viewers see apparent movement.
  • Stop motion moves real objects slightly and photographs each change.
  • Claymation uses clay or similar moldable figures for stop motion.
  • Rotoscoping traces real filmed movement to make animated drawings.
  • Drawings are traced onto clear sheets called cels for filming.
  • Storyboards plan each scene visually before animation begins.
  • Model sheets guide animators to keep characters consistent.
  • A mesh of vertices, edges, and faces creates a 3D shape.
  • Rigging adds a digital skeleton so animators can pose a mesh.
  • Actors wear suits so computers can copy their movement onto characters.

Pop quiz

Think of your answer first, then peek.

  1. What is animation in simple terms?
    • Playing pictures in sequence to create moving images
    • Painting one single still picture
    • Recording live actors with a camera
    Show the answer

    Playing pictures in sequence to create moving images. Animation creates the illusion of movement by showing pictures in order.

  2. What is rigging in 3D animation?
    • Hanging lights on set
    • Adding a digital skeleton to control a mesh
    • Writing the screenplay
    Show the answer

    Adding a digital skeleton to control a mesh. Rigging adds a digital skeleton so animators can pose a mesh.

  3. What is pinscreen animation?
    • Using safety pins
    • Drawing with pens
    • Movable pins casting shadows to make images
    Show the answer

    Movable pins casting shadows to make images. Pins pushed in and out of a screen cast shadows that form images.

  4. What is strata-cut animation?
    • Slicing a clay loaf to reveal internal images
    • Cutting film reels
    • Layering paint
    Show the answer

    Slicing a clay loaf to reveal internal images. A clay loaf is sliced thin, each cut photographed to show inner images.

  5. What does staging help the audience do?
    • Skip the credits
    • Know where to look
    • Hear the dialogue
    Show the answer

    Know where to look. Staging directs attention so viewers clearly see the important action.

Now make it stick

Read a chapter, then play the deck and see how much stuck.

This guide covers the 50 free cards. The other 27 are in the game for members.

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